|
The plague doctor's costume was the clothing worn by a plague doctor to protect him from airborne diseases. The costume, originating in the 17th century, consisted of an ankle length overcoat and a bird-like beak mask often filled with sweet or strong smelling substances (commonly lavender), along with gloves, boots, a brim hat, and an outer over-clothing garment.〔 * Pommerville (Body Systems), p. 15 * Bauer, p. 145 * Abrams, p. 257 * Byfield, p. 26 * Glaser, pp. 33-34〕 ==Description== The mask had glass openings for the eyes and a curved beak shaped like that of a bird. Straps held the beak in front of the doctor's nose.〔 The mask had two small nose holes and was a type of respirator which contained aromatic items. 〔 * Time-Life Books, pp. 140, 158 * Dolan, p. 139 * Ellis, p. 202 * Paton * Martin, p. 121 * Sherman, p. 162 * Turner, p. 180 * Mentzel, p. 86 * Glaser, p. 36 * Hall, p. 67 * Infectious Diseases Society of America, Volume 11, p. 819 * Grolier, p. 700〕 The beak could hold dried flowers (including roses and carnations), herbs (including mint), spices, camphor, or a vinegar sponge.〔O'Donnell, p. 135〕〔Stuart, p. 15〕 The purpose of the mask was to keep away bad smells, which were thought to be the principal cause of the disease in the miasma theory of infection, before it was disproved by germ theory.〔〔 Doctors believed the herbs would counter the "evil" smells of the plague and prevent them from becoming infected.〔Ellis, p. 202〕 The beak doctor costume worn by plague doctors had a wide-brimmed leather hat to indicate their profession.〔〔Center for Advanced Study in Theatre Arts, p. 83〕 They used wooden canes to point out areas needing attention and to examine patients without touching them.〔(Doktor Schnabel von Rom, engraving by Paul Fürst (after J Columbina), Rome 1656. )〕 The canes were also used to keep people away,〔(American Medical Association - ''JAMA.: The Journal of the American Medical Association,'' Volume 34, p. 639 )〕 to remove clothing from plague victims without having to touch them, and to take a patient's pulse.〔〔Pommerville, p. 9〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Plague doctor costume」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|